Shafts are mining works of various cross-sections and inclinations, used for access to the underground. Shafts, adits, but also tailing piles of excavated material are the main manifestations of mining activity on the surface and determine the character of the mountainous landscape. According to the main method of use, shafts can be divided into transport, ventilation or pumping shafts. They usually serve all these purposes at once. A special category are blind shafts that connect several horizons underground, but do not open to the surface. Mining towers usually rise above the shafts and have a significant landscape character.
